Psychological Care of Women with a Family History of Breast Cancer
نویسنده
چکیده
De forma paralela al desarrollo de los aspectos clínicos del asesoramiento en mujeres con historia familiar de cáncer de mama, ha habido una creciente necesidad de identificar las secuelas psicológicas de averiguar el riesgo, el examen genético y la cirugía profiláctica mamaria. La organización y la estructura de las Unidades de Consejo Genético varían ampliamente dentro del ámbito nacional y alrededor de Europa, así como la integración en ellas de la atención psicológica. La investigación disponible muestra poca variación en resultados psicosociales pero factores culturales afectan a las actitudes, la realización del test genético y la cirugía preventiva. Existe un acuerdo general en que el consejo acerca del riesgo puede ser beneficioso, sin que induzca o aumente la morbilidad psicológica. Los profesionales de la Salud de los servicios de manejo de riesgo y test en consejo genético oncológico usan cada vez más protocolos clínicos y pautas profesionales. El apoyo psicológico habitual no es necesario para la mayoría de mujeres con una historia familiar de cáncer de mama, pero el acceso a los servicios psicológicos debe estar disponible para aquellas mujeres que presenten un malestar elevado debido a su historia familiar, o para aquellas que van a llevar a cabo un test genético o cirugía preventiva. El personal de la Unidad de consejo genético debe ser consciente de las consecuencias psicológicas adversas potenciales de la evaluación del riesgo y de las intervenciones para manejar el riesgo, y estar adecuadamente entrenado para elicitar las preocupaciones de las mujeres e implicar a los colegas psicosociales cuando sea apropiado.
منابع مشابه
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